Elementary Grade Level Expectations

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American Speech & Hearing Association (ASHA)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      Spring-Ford Area School District

199 Bechtel Rd. Collegeville, PA 19426
610-705-6000

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Language

 

~High thoughts must have high language.~

 -Aristophanes (450 BC- 388 BC)

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Language impairment includes receptive and/or expressive delays or disorders in the following areas: 

  • Semantics: The content of words (or signs) in the language code, the meaning of language including vocabulary development, comprehension and use of  words, word retrieval, use   of multiple meaning words, idioms, proverbs, metaphors, etc.

  • Syntax: The rules that dictate the acceptable sequence, combination and function of words in a sentence; the form, structure, and order of the language codes.

  • Morphology: The use of grammatical structures to form words and change the meanings of words; the rules for communicating tense, plurality, possession, etc.

  • Pragmatics: The functional use of rules which govern effective interpersonal communications; the rules for conversation and conveying intentions in communication.

  • Auditory Processing: The ability to attend, discriminate, recognize or comprehend auditory information.  A deficit in auditory processing abilities is not attributable to a loss of hearing  acuity.

(Definitions adapted from Developmental Language Instruction Manual, January, 1989)

   
Good language skills include: Deficits in these skills affect:
  • Social appropriateness of interactions
  • Listening skills
  • The ability to use nonverbal communication appropriately
  • Problem solving skills
  • The ability to make inferences
  • Reading comprehension
  • The ability to use critical thinking
  • Study skills
 
  • Social relationships
The child is able to appropriately:
  • Make requests
  • Describe events 
  • Respond to greetings
  • Maintain a conversational topic
  • Take turns
  • Make eye contact
  • Initiate and end conversations
  • Follow commands
  • Oral language
 
  • Decision making
 
  • Attend to task
 
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~Language exerts hidden power, like a moon on the tides.~

-Rita Mae Brown

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Last updated December 08, 2006
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